Abstract

Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum.

Smoking is the world's largest single cause of death protection. It is a common trigger for cardiovascular diseases, as well as a range of cancers and other disabilities. Approximately half of the regular smokers will eventually be killed by their smoking habit, with many of these deaths occurring in the middle ages. As long as it causes premature death, tobacco consumption greatly reduces the quality of life, affecting family, friends and colleagues as well as smokers themselves. The current study included 30 Iraqi smokers in three different groups (cigarette smokers, arghila (hookah) smokers and former smokers) (age range= 19-53 years). The cases were selected from family, friends, college students and coffee shops the costumers, from November 2015 to March 2016. Ten healthy, non-smoker males of matched age were also included as a control group throughout this study. A careful history was obtained from each volunteer including age, smoking duration, type of smoking (cigarettes, arghila, or former), and family history of diseases (such as diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease). In the sera of the groups under study, some biochemical parameters such as (AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, and urea) were estimated. The results showed significant differences (p˂0.05) in the studied parameters in: (cigarette and arghila smokers), and (former smokers) groups, when compared to the control group.

How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum. Comparison Of Some Kidney And Liver Function Tests Between Current And Former Iraqi Cigarettes Or Arghila Smokers. SRP. 2021; 12(2): 179-183. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.2.23 Web Style Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum. Comparison Of Some Kidney And Liver Function Tests Between Current And Former Iraqi Cigarettes Or Arghila Smokers. http://www.sysrevpharm.org/?mno=13741 [Access: March 29, 2021]. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.2.23 AMA (American Medical Association) Style Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum. Comparison Of Some Kidney And Liver Function Tests Between Current And Former Iraqi Cigarettes Or Arghila Smokers. SRP. 2021; 12(2): 179-183. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.2.23 Vancouver/ICMJE Style Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum. Comparison Of Some Kidney And Liver Function Tests Between Current And Former Iraqi Cigarettes Or Arghila Smokers. SRP. (2021), [cited March 29, 2021]; 12(2): 179-183. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.2.23 Harvard Style Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum (2021) Comparison Of Some Kidney And Liver Function Tests Between Current And Former Iraqi Cigarettes Or Arghila Smokers. SRP, 12 (2), 179-183. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.2.23 Turabian Style Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum. 2021. Comparison Of Some Kidney And Liver Function Tests Between Current And Former Iraqi Cigarettes Or Arghila Smokers. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12 (2), 179-183. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.2.23 Chicago Style Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum. "Comparison Of Some Kidney And Liver Function Tests Between Current And Former Iraqi Cigarettes Or Arghila Smokers." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 12 (2021), 179-183. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.2.23 MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum. "Comparison Of Some Kidney And Liver Function Tests Between Current And Former Iraqi Cigarettes Or Arghila Smokers." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 12.2 (2021), 179-183. Print. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.2.23 APA (American Psychological Association) Style Zahraa I. Abudal Kadhum (2021) Comparison Of Some Kidney And Liver Function Tests Between Current And Former Iraqi Cigarettes Or Arghila Smokers. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12 (2), 179-183. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.2.23