Correlation Between Body Mass Index (BMI) to Estradiol and Progesterone Levels in Infertile Women

Abstract

Rajuddin Rajuddin, Rudy Harahap

Body Mass Index (BMI) was closely related to the body fat levels that can affect the menstrual cycle. Body fat contains aromatase enzyme which was needed to produce the estradiol and the excess of estradiol will inhibit the pro¬gesterone production. This may result in progesterone deficiency which further affects the mens¬trual cycle regularity and cause infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between BMI to estradiol and progesterone levels in infertility women. This study was designed as an observational-analytic with a prospective cohort study. The data of infertile women who fulfilled the study criteria were collected from January 2017 up to December 2018 at Rasi Clinic in Banda Aceh. Serum estradiol and pro¬ges¬terone levels were measured using ELISA technique. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24. Among 56 women with infertility, there were 30 patients with BMI greater than ≥ 25 (53.6%). BMI ≥ 25 in infertile women was found significantly correlated to estradiol levels (Chi-square test, p = 0.003). In 26 (86.7%) infertile women, BMI ≥ 25 had significantly increased estradiol level (Odds Ratio 1.8). BMI ≥ 25 was found significantly correlated to progesterone levels (Chi-Square test; p = 0.03). In 19 patients (63,3%) infertile women with BMI ≥ 25, the progesterone level was found significantly decreased (Odds Ratio 2.05). There was a significant correlation between BMI ≥ 25 with the increase serum estradiol and decrease progesterone levels in infertile women.