Degree of Conversion of Two Universal Adhesives Incorporated with Ascorbic Acid Coated Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles Assessed by FTIRDegree of conversion, universal adhesives, Superparamagnetic Fe3O4nanoparticles, FTIR analysis

Abstract

Mohammed A. Fadhil, Abdulla M.W. Al-Shamma, Muqdam M. Alali

Aims: To prepare and characterize a nano-ferro fluid of ascorbic acid coated superparamagnetic Fe3O4nanoparticles and incorporate them into two universal dental adhesives to test their effect on the immediate and 24-hours post-cure Degree of Conversion (DC) in comparison to their control non-incorporated adhesives. Study design: An invitro study.Methods and Material: A colloidal nano ferro fluid of ascorbic acid coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles was prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and incorporated into two universal adhesives. Thirty-two adhesive samples in PotassiumBromide (KBr) discs were prepared for FTIR analysis, and distributed as following, i.e., GI: Eight adhesive samples of non-incorporated All Bond Universal (Control), GII: Eight adhesive samples of 2%-incorporated All Bond Universal, GIII: Eight adhesive samples of non-incorporated Prime&Bond Universal (Control), GIV: Eight adhesive samples of 2%-incorporated Prime&Bond Universal.Equal amount (25μL) of each adhesive was placed on KBr disc, the solvents was evaporated by a gentle steam of air, and then a second KBr disc was mounted over the first one and pressed softly to form a thin adhesive film. Finally, the KBr discs containing the adhesive were placed in the demountable cell holder and mounted into the sample chamber of the FTIR spectrometer. FTIR spectra was then recorded for each adhesive before, immediately after, and 24-hours post-curing to calculate the degree of conversion.Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was conducted using independent variable t-test by the IBM-SPSS software version 22.Results: The study results showed good DC values for the incorporated adhesives with no statistically significant differences in the degree of conversion values (i.e. Immediate and 24-hours post-cure) in comparison to control groups for both adhesives. The Prmie&Bond universal (Both control and incorporated) revealed significantly higher DC than All bond universal.Conclusions: Incorporation of ascorbic acid coated Fe3O4nanoparticles at 2% by mass into the universal adhesives resulted in good degreeof polymerization with no significant difference in comparison to their commercial controls.