Abstract

Yasser Awwade40453*

Background: The incidence of nosocomial infection caused by Extended Spectrum β Lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria is increasing worldwide. Infections caused by Extended Spectrum β Lactamase (ESBL) producers have been associated with severe adverse clinical outcomes that have led to increased mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and rising medical costs.

Aim: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Extended Spectrum β Lactamase (ESBL) production among nosocomial isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and associated risk factors.

Subject and methods: A nested case-control, hospital-based study was conducted for a period of 3 months from the 1^st of September 2017 to the end of November 2017. Total 192 consecutive non-duplicate clinical isolates of E. coli from various clinical specimens collected from adult patients admitted to Al-Hussein University hospitals in Egypt.

Results: Out of the 192 isolates, 63 (32.8%) were Extended Spectrum β Lactamase (ESBL) producers, and 129 (67.2%) as non-Extended Spectrum β Lactamase (ESBL) producers. Highest ESBLs were found in urine sample (58%) followed by wound swap (22.6%). Ventilator use, increased duration of hospital stay of >7 days and prior use of antibiotics were significantly risk factor for the occurrence of Extended Spectrum β Lactamase (ESBL) producers E. coli (P=0.01, 0.03 and 0.003 respectively).

Conclusion: In this study, we identified Ventilator use, increased duration of hospital stay and prior use of antibiotics was associated with the occurrence of Extended Spectrum β Lactamase (ESBL) producers E. coli.