IN VITRO ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SARGASSUM HYSTRIX EXTRACT AND ITS ETHYL ACETATE FRACTIONS

Abstract

HUSNI, Amir, SULISTYO, Ratih Paramadina, RAHMA, Syifa Aulia, NUGRAHENI, Prihati Sih, BUDHIYANTI, Siti Ari.

Seaweed has great potential in the pharmaceutical field, including as an antidiabetic agent. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify the active fraction of Sargassum hystrix that inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase. S. hystrix was subjected to extraction using methanol, followed by partitioning using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The ethyl acetate fraction was then separated by column chromatography to obtain more pure fractions. The crude extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and column chromatography fraction were tested for their ability to inhibit α-glucosidase. The active fractions of ethyl acetate that inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase were further identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the seaweed S. hystrix has potential as an antidiabetic substance. The ethyl acetate fraction of the S. hystrix extract had IC50=0.014 mg/mL for α-amylase inhibition and IC50=0.009 mg/mL for α-glucosidase inhibition. The compounds presumed to have inhibitory activity against α-amylase (58.52±0.40% inhibition at 50 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase (39.76±0.03% inhibition at 150 µg/mL) were 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-benzenetriol, flamenol, and eicosanoic acid. The pure active compound of the ethyl acetate fraction was pentadecanoic acid, which was suspected to be an inhibitor, with 67.38±6.84% inhibition of α-amylase activity at 50 µg/mL and 18.90 ± 2.82% inhibition of α-glucosidase activity at 150 µg/mL.