Abstract

Vyasa Mudra60588*

Nanotechnology is widely the area of science and technology. It gives the study of phenomena of the dimensions in the nanometre scale utilized to design, production, characterization, structures, devices, and application of materials. However, cancer is 2^nd most common disease, causing death and poor quality of life globally. Early diagnosis holds a key to the improvement of the technology revolution in cancer detection and its treatment. Nanotechnology has been expanded to help the treatment of cancer therapy at a very tiny level. The cell particulate of small sizes of nanoparticles helps them locate and kill the cancer cells precisely. In addition, nanoparticle systems have been shown to play a role in cancer drug resistance. For cancer diagnosis, nanomaterials are applied such as quantum dots, and gold nanoparticles as well as biomarker screening which is used at the molecular level. Numerous studies have been carried out to explore the tumor targeting of the design of nanoparticle- based drug delivery systems in cancer therapy. Given that, several studies have examined different forms of nanomaterials such as polymers, antibodies, and liposomes with the conclusion that a combination of these nanomaterials in cancer drug design can achieve a balance between reducing toxicity and increasing the efficacy of drugs. Despite that, different medicines have been found to treat cancer therapy which is targeting cancer cells with different forms of nanomaterials. Furthermore, nanotechnology has enhanced chemotherapy and reduced the adverse effects of drugs targeting cancer cells. In this review, the roles of nanoparticles for drug delivery in radiotherapy, and immunotherapy and describe the targeting as well as the function in reversing drug mechanisms.