Non-Linear Association of Atherogenic Index of Plasma with Hyperuricemia in US Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Xin Yang68229, Pei-nan Chen68230, Bin Wu68231, Jie-ying Liao68232, Bingchun Shi68233, Yutao Li68234 and Xu Yang68235*

Background: Hyperuricemia is related to various cardiometabolic diseases in US adults, having an increasingly substantial impact on healthcare resources and costs. Nonetheless, there are limited studies examining the association between Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and hyperuricemia in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional research study using data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). All 12,261 participants were classified according to the AIP quartiles. Participants aged <18 years, without Body Mass Index (BMI), waist, blood pressure, stringent Complete Response (sCR), Triglycerides (TG), HDL-C, LDL-C data, alcohol use, and smoking behavior information were excluded. AIP is calculated as the log TG to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) (Log[TG/HDL-C]). We explored the association between AIP and the risk of hyperuricemia using multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Hyperuricemia is widely defined as serum uric acid levels that are at or above 360 mmol/l in women and 420 mmol/l in men.

Results: Among 12261 participants included (mean age, 48.0 years), 6080 were male. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 20.73% in the cross-sectional study. The multivariate-adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for hyperuricemia gradually and significantly increased with the AIP quartiles (1.26 (1.06, 1.49) in Q2, 1.63 (1.39, 1.93) in Q3, and 2.06 (1.76, 2.43) in Q4), following an adjustment for potential confounders. And we observed a non-linear dose-response and a consistent relationship between them after the interaction test stratified by age, sex, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and alcohol.

Conclusion: On a continuous scale, per 1 unit increase in AIP was associated with multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of 2.06 (1.76, 2.43) for having a higher risk of hyperuricemia. These findings suggested the potential of AIP as an independent risk indicator in preventing hyperuricemia.